Cytokine Signature Associated With Disease Severity In Dengue

Dengue fever is the fastest-spreading viral disease that is transmitted through the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito. The pathogenesis of dengue remains unclear; 

However, it has been suggested that the immune response and viral serotypes contribute to disease severity. In this study, we examined circulating dengue virus (DENV) and measured plasma levels of inflammatory mediators. You can search for Multiplex ELISA Kit for Human Cytokine (4-Plex) on the internet.

Ninety-eight patients during the dengue fever outbreak in East India in 2016 were included in this study. The presence of DENV is detected by detecting the NS1 antigen; IgM ELISA capture and serotype differentiated by the type of RT-PCR and/or sequencing.

Plasma samples were analyzed for 41-plex cytokines/chemokines using the Luminex multiplex assay. 85 (87%) samples were positive with NS1 / IgM-ELISA / RT-PCR arrest. All four DENV serotypes were detected in this outbreak, with DENV-2 being the main type in 55% of cases.

Mixed infection was observed in 39% of patients. Among the host inflammatory biomarkers, levels of GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-15, IL-8, MCP-1, IL-6, MIP-1β, and TNF-α were significantly elevated in dengue. with and without warning signs in severe dengue patients compared with healthy controls.

Four cytokines IL-10, GM-CSF, IFN-γ,  and MIP-1β correlate significantly with illness severity and can serve as potential predictors of disease severity. Information on host biomarkers and dengue serotypes can help optimize effective intervention strategies.